Cómo obtener la certificación iso 9001:2015
ISO 9001 es una norma desarrollada por la Organización Internacional de Normalización (ISO) que especifica los requisitos de un sistema de gestión de la calidad.
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Una empresa certificada según la norma ISO 9001 tiene la capacidad de suministrar regularmente productos o servicios que cumplen los requisitos del cliente y está mejor equipada para aumentar su satisfacción.
¿Quién expide la certificación ISO 9001?
La certificación ISO 9001 la concede un organismo de certificación al final de un proceso en el que la empresa implanta un Sistema de Gestión de la Calidad.
Los organismos de certificación se reconocen registrándose en uno de los organismos de acreditación de la Unión Europea.
Cada país tiene un organismo de acreditación que certifica la idoneidad de los organismos de certificación registrados en toda Europa.
Pasos dentro de la empresa para obtener la certificación ISO 9001
Los pasos que debe seguir la empresa para obtener la certificación ISO 9001 son los siguientes.
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1 Información básica y preauditoría
El primer y fundamental paso es identificar el punto de partida de la empresa con respecto a los requisitos. Resulta útil disponer de una lista de comprobación (¿enlace de descarga?) para identificar las deficiencias que hay que subsanar.
Muchas empresas ya utilizan manuales y protocolos que pueden estar en consonancia con la norma ISO 9001, por lo que hay que comprobar si es necesaria una mayor implantación.
2 Establecimiento de la política de calidad
Debe identificarse una “política de calidad” a nivel de empresa. Una empresa que desee comercializar sus productos y servicios de forma eficaz debe ser capaz de establecer unas normas de calidad adecuadas, que deben ser identificadas y redactadas adecuadamente en un documento.
3 Toma de decisiones, formación y desarrollo de programas
Una vez identificadas las áreas de intervención, se comenzará a actuar: habrá que identificar a un responsable que supervise el proceso de creación del Sistema de Gestión de Calidad y su posterior certificación.
También será necesario buscar e identificar a las distintas figuras dentro de los departamentos de la empresa que supervisarán, cada una por su parte, el proceso de cumplimiento de los requisitos para la certificación y se elaborará un programa en función de los objetivos a alcanzar.
4 Desarrollo de flujos de procesos y organización de la documentación
En esta fase, la empresa estructurará los flujos de los procesos y organizará la documentación existente y la que deba integrarse para la creación del sistema documental.
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5 Formación, aplicación y auditoría internas
Se formará a todos los empleados de la empresa para que conozcan los procedimientos y objetivos de calidad, aprendiendo las nuevas prácticas que se adopten y el flujo de trabajo.
La nueva forma de trabajar se pondrá en marcha y se someterá a una primera auditoría interna, es decir, realizada por el propio personal de la empresa, para comprobar que todos los procedimientos se han aplicado correctamente.
El último paso: la certificación y el plazo medio para obtenerla
Una vez realizados los pasos internos, la empresa deberá acudir a un organismo de certificación independiente para obtener la certificación ISO 9001.
Mientras que los pasos anteriores dependen del tamaño y la capacidad de reacción de la empresa para responder y aplicar los cambios, el último paso depende únicamente de la capacidad de respuesta del organismo de certificación, y es la mayor incógnita para la empresa.
El organismo de certificación tendrá que llevar a cabo su propia auditoría independiente para verificar que se han implementado todas las acciones requeridas por la norma ISO 9001.
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Este suele ser el paso más lento y frustrante: los organismos de certificación suelen tardar mucho tiempo en realizar la auditoría y luego emitir la certificación.
El tiempo medio para recibir la certificación es de 2 a 3 semanas.
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